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Climate
Brazil's
absolute location has a direct
affect on the climate from north to south across the country.
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Much
of Brazil lies within the tropics so most of the country has high
temperatures all year round. Only where the land is higher in the
south east and central west does the average temperature fall below 22ºC.
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The
south lies outside the tropics. Here the average temperatures are
below 20ºC, winters are cool with some frosts and even snow.
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Most
of north and central Brazil does not experience seasons. The reason is
that these parts of Brazil lie within the tropics, where during the
day the sun is always high in the sky. Seasons are caused by changes
in the angle of the sun at different times of the year, from high in
the sky during the summer to low in the sky during our winter.
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The
seasons in Brazil are the reverse of those in the Northern Hemisphere.
When the Northern Hemisphere is in the summer season Brazil, which is
in the Southern Hemisphere, is in winter.
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Spring
in Brazil is from September 22 to December 21
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Summer
in Brazil is from December 22 to March 21
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Autumn
in Brazil is from March 22 to June 21
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Winter
in Brazil is from June 22 to September 21
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More
important than seasons in north and central Brazil is the difference
between day and night temperatures, the so-called diurnal range.
Most
of Brazil receives between 1,000 to 2,000 millimeters of rain per year
with most of it falling during the summer south of the Equator.
However, it certain regions of Brazil the rainfall can be as low as
400 millimeters.
The Amazon region is very humid with generally more than 2,000 millimeters
of rain per year. Rainfall is most intense around the mouth of the Amazon
River reaching as high as 3,000 millimeters per year. It is less widely
known that, despite high annual precipitation, the Amazon rain forest has
a three to five month dry season, the timing of which varies according to
location north or south of the equator.
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